Effective Treatment of Skin Wounds Co-Infected with Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria with a Novel Nanoemulsion

Effective Treatment of Skin Wounds Co-Infected with Multidrug-Resistant Bacteria with a Novel Nanoemulsion

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ABSTRACT Wound infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE) are particularly difficult to treat and present a great challenge to clinicians.Nanoemulsions (NE) are novel oil-in-water emulsions formulated from soybean oil, water, solvent, and surfactants such as benzalkonium chloride (BZK).An optimal ratio of those components produces nanometer-sized particles with the positive-charged surfactant at their oil-water interface.

We sought to investigate antimicrobial NE as a novel treatment to address wounds co-infected by MRSA and VRE.Swine split-thickness skin wounds were first infected with MRSA and/or VRE, then treated with the nanoemulsion formulation (X-1735) or placebo controls.Bacterial viability after treatment were determined by nutrient agar plates for total, MRSA-specific, and VRE-specific loads.

In addition, inflammation indexes were scored by histopathology.When VRE infected wounds were treated with X-1735, they contained 103 lower VRE CFU counts across a 2-week period compared with placebo.Once co-infected MRSA and VRE split-thickness wounds were successfully established, topical treatment of co-infected TurboFlo II Parts wounds with X-1735 resulted in a reduction of bacteria by 2 to 3 logs (compared with placebo) at 3- and 14-day postinfection time points.

Importantly, X-1735 was effective in significantly alleviating multilevel inflammation in the treated wounds.X-1735 is a new antimicrobial that is safe to apply to open wounds and effectively kills MRSA and VRE.It appears to also reduce inflammation in these co-infected wounds.

The data suggest that this approach offers promise as an antimicrobial for open wounds with MRSA and VRE co-infection.IMPORTANCE Infections, specifically polymicrobial, can cause serious consequences when it comes to wound treatment.Prolonged treatment with antibiotics can lead to an increased risk of bacterial resistance; co-infections can complicate treatment options even further.

Our research proposes a novel nanoemulsion treatment for two of the most common antibiotic resistant bacteria: methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and Vancomycin-resistant enterococci (VRE).This optimized topical treatment formulation not only significantly reduces inflammation Training Course and infection in MRSA or VRE infected wounds, but also in MRSA and VRE co-infected wounds as well.The work aims to provide an alternative treatment approach for multidrug-resistant organisms and decrease dependence on systemic treatments.